Damage in fruits of mahogany caused by Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Brasília, Brazil

Marcelo Tavares de Castro; Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão; Rose Gomes Monnerat

doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v11i1.690

Authors

Marcelo Tavares de Castro Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Distrito Federal.
Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, Distrito Federal.
Rose Gomes Monnerat Laboratório de Bactérias Entomopatogênicas, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Distrito Federal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v11i1.690

Keywords:

Forest Pest, Forest Entomology, Shoot Borer, Predation, Swietenia macrophylla, Broca do Mogno, Entomologia Florestal, Praga Florestal, Predação

Abstract

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) damage in fruits of mahogany in Brasilia, Brazil. For this, fruits were collected and the analysis of each fruit was carried out by assessing the following parameters: fruit weight, fruit length and height, number of holes in fruits characteristic of H. grandella attack, size of the holes, number of larvae and pupae of H. grandella, number of seeds damaged and presence of other insects within the fruit. As a result, 190 (95%) had holes made by the larvae, used primarily for their entry and for exit later as an adult. Most of the fruits showed only a single hole (81%), but up to 5 holes were found in a single fruit. A single caterpillar can feed on various seeds, causing major damage when they attack together. Seventy-two (36%) fruits had all the seeds damaged by H. grandella, especially those containing pupae. 183 larvae in different instars and 45 pupae were found. Only five caterpillars were found dead inside of fruit, representing 2.78% of the caterpillars.

Danos em frutos de mogno causados pela Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) em Brasília, Brasil

Resumo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar qualitativamente e quantitativamente os danos provocados por Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) em frutos de mogno em Brasília, Brasil. Para isso, frutos foram coletados e os seguintes parâmetros foram analisados: peso, comprimento, número de orifícios causados pela H. grandella, número de sementes danificadas e presença de outros insetos no interior dos frutos. Como resultado, 190 (95%) frutos apresentaram orifícios feitos pela lagarta, usados primordialmente para sua entrada e posteriormente para a saída, quando adulto. A maioria dos frutos apresentou apenas um orifício (81%), mas até cinco furos foram encontrados em um único fruto. Uma única lagarta pode se alimentar de várias sementes, causando grandes danos. Setenta e dois frutos (36%) tinham todas as sementes danificadas por H. grandella, especialmente aqueles que apresentaram pupas. 183 lagartas em diferentes estádios e 45 pupas foram encontradas. Apenas cinco lagartas foram encontradas mortas dentro dos frutos, representando 2,78% do total.

References

Cordeiro, Y.E.M., 2012. Potencial de uso em recupera

Dionisio, L.F.S., A.C.S. Lima, T.M.M.G. Castro, R.G. Correia, W.B.R. Martins, V.S. Abreu, 2016. Ocorr

Griffiths, M.W., 2001. The biology and ecology of Hypsipyla shoot borers. In: Floyd, R.B. & C. Hauxwell (Ed.) Hypsipyla Shoot Borers in Meliaceae: Proceedings of an International Workshop. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. pp. 74-80.

Griffths, M.W., 1997. The biology and host relations of the red cedar tip moth, Hypsipyla robusta Moore (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Australia. Ph.D. thesis, University of Queensland, Brisbae. 182 f.

Grijpma, P. & R.I Gara, 1970. Studies on the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller): II. Host preference of the larva. Turrialba, 20: 241-247.

Gullison, R.E., S.N. Panfil, J.J. Struose & S.P. Hubbell, 1996. Ecology and management of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) in the Chimanes Forest, Neni, Bolivia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 122: 9-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb02060.x.

Janzen, D.H., 1971. Seed predation by animals. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 2: 465-492. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.02.110171.002341.

Jesus-Barros, G.R., A.C. Lira-Guedes, M.C. Guedes, G. Guabiraba-Ribeiro & E.J. Barbosa, 2015. Registro da ocorr

Lemos, W.P., 1997. Biologia e exig

Lima, A.C., 1940. Insetos do Brasil, Escola Nacional de Agronomia, S

Pinto, A.A., B.R. Teles, N. Anjos, S.E.M & Couceiro, 2013. Preda

Querino, R.B., H. Tonini, J.R., A.L. Marsaro J

Roberts, H., 1966. A survey of the important shoot, stem, wood, flower and fruit boring insects of the Meliaceae in Nigeria. Nigerian Forestry Information Bulletin, 15: 1-38.

Roberts, H., 1968. An outline of the biology of Hypsipyla robusta Moore, the shootborer of the Meliaceae (Mahoganies) of Nigeria, together with brief comments on two stem borers and one other lepidopteran fruit borer also found in Nigerian Meliaceae. Commonwealth Forestry, 47: 225-232.

Snook, L.K., 1998. Colheita sustentada da madeira de mogno (S. macrophylla) nas florestas de Yucatan de M

Taveras, R., L. Hilje & M. Carballo, 2004. Development of Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in response to constant temperatures. Neotropical Entomology, 33: 1-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2004000100002.

Thomazini, M.J., V.H.P. Tedeschi & J.R. de Meira, 2011. Incid

Weatherbase, 2017. Available on: <http://www.weatherbase.com>. [Accessed in: i.2017].

Zhang, J., F.A. Drummond, M. Liebman & A. Hartke. 1997. Insect predation of seeds and plant population dynamics. Mafes Technical Bulletin, University of Maine. 163 p.